Research question and search strategy The research question was What are the mechanisms of action of carnitine (s) that attenuated or counteracted the dioxin(s)-inducing fatty liver, to be a reason for using it in the management of MASLD/MDAFLD/NAFLD/NASH?
It is in the chemical compound classes of -hydroxyacids and quaternary ammonium compounds, and because of the hydroxyl-substituent, it exists in two stereoisomers, the biologically active enantiomer L-carnitine, and the essentially biologically inactive D-carnitine.[bettersourceneeded] Both are available through chemical synthesis,[not verified in body] and the L-form is continuously biosynthesized in eukaryotic organisms from the proteinogenic amino acids lysine and methionine
Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant commonly used in skincare for its brightening and anti-aging properties
Many women experience weight gain and fat accumulation in the waist region during their menopausal period [14]
226,235 Interestingly, oligomerization of IRE1 plays an important role in its activity
