Microplastic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis and immune-inflammatory damage In summary, MPs disrupt host immune regulation through multiple mechanisms, including aberrant activation of pattern recognition receptors, complement dysregulation, apoptosis, redox imbalance, and lipid metabolic reprogramming
An animal study in a reserpine-induced fibromyalgia rat model found that nano-pregabalin (N-PG) alleviated FM symptoms by enhancing CNS penetration, restoring neurotransmitter balance (Glut, NE, CGRP), increasing antioxidant enzyme activity (e.g., SOD), inhibiting pro-inflammatory transcription factors (e.g., NF-B), and reducing apoptosis by decreasing caspase-3 (Casp-3) activation (8, 36)
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10.3390/ijms24098059 84 PetersonJ
The three-carbon sugar generated is glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate which can be shunted to glycolysis and oxidized to pyruvate